Heat-Inactivated and Gamma-Irradiated Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS)
Heat inactivation is a process that involves heating serum to 56°C for 30 minutes to eliminate
complements and contaminants that could interfere with experimental results.
Gamma irradiation is a physical inactivation approach used to achieve pathogen reduction in the serum.
The heat-inactivated FBS is gamma-irradiated at an industry-standard dose of 25-40kGy.
All types of sera produced by GMP Bioscience company will be heat-inactivated and/or gamma-
irradiated upon the customer’s request
We currently provide four distinct lines of heat-inactivated and gamma-irradiated FBS:
– Preferred
– Premium
– Standard
– Qualified.
The primary difference among these FBS lines lies in their endotoxin levels:
Premium FBS has an endotoxin specification of ≤10 EU/mL.
Standard FBS has an endotoxin specification of ≤30 EU/mL.
Qualified and Preferred FBS have endotoxin specifications reported as-is.

Our Preferred FBS offers a quality level suitable for cultivating most cell types and is available at
our most competitive price. We highly recommend our FBS customers try it out!

The Premium, Standard, and Qualified lines are available in both U.S. origin and USDA-
approved Imported origin.

Gamma Irradiation 101
Gamma irradiation is a physical inactivation approach used to achieve pathogen reduction in the
serum. This mitigates risk from low-level contaminants that may not be detected through viral or
mycoplasma testing. GMP Bioscience serum is gamma irradiated via controlled exposure to
Cobalt 60 at an industry standard dose of 25-40kGy. Most typical viral contaminants of bovine
serum are readily inactivated at this irradiation range. Advantages of gamma irradiation include:
No potential for residual contaminants
Widely accepted by pharmaceutical and research industries
Accepted by regulatory agencies

Minimal effect on product performance
Effective virus inactivation